Wednesday, January 29, 2020
Ebonics and Education Essay Example for Free
Ebonics and Education Essay A Persuasive Research Paper on the Why Education Should Pave Way for Ebonics All a person needs to do is turn on the television or browse the Internet to see the proof that there are very important changes in the society. Among those changes is how the use of language increased and how its forms have greatly grown. With much slang, dialects and language transformation and combinations, the number of languages all over the world and not just in the United States, have significantly grown larger and bigger. However, the question of whether this continuous dynamic change in languages is for the better remains to be seen. This is because, though languages have changed and grown, problems caused by miscommunication and misunderstandings are still rampant and present. Although language and all its combinations with other languages aimed to bridge the gap between nations and cultures, different people with different origins and speech are still unable to bridge that gap. There are still many issues concerning the cropping up and usage of new languages. Most common among those is the problem that languages which are combined or which undergo a linguistic blend tends to be disruptive of formal, correct and grammatical language. A simple example would be those music videos which feature artists that combine and contract structure of words to make the song more likeable or even more attuned to the rhythm of the song. However, this has a negative effect as people, most especially young adults and children, become familiar with such language usage to the point that they begin to emulate them. Such debate has long been the topic in educational boards and institutions of whether they should correct and put stop to such language usage or encourage such exchange of words since clearly, the young are affected. In fact, Ebonics or Black English or African American English has become such a heated topic when it was quite obvious that there is a problem among the academics of African American students because they have such low grades and low performance levels that could be attributed to the usage of Ebonics. Many people sided against and for the encouragement of Ebonics. Study after study ensued to prove that Ebonics was an important and integral part of the many pupils and students since that is the language they actually use while others also discouraged its usage. Through this paper, it can be argued that Ebonics is not a mere slang which African American students can do without and that it is not something which should be corrected just because it is seen as ungrammatical. Instead, what the educational boards and institutions should do is cater to their learners and use Ebonics to implement knowledge transfer among their pupils and students and eventually make them learn and use Standard English. Ebonics is formally known as African American English or AAE according to the Center for Applied Linguistics (n. p. ). It is a kind of sociolect or social dialect where it is often used by people who are of African American origins in particular surroundings or situations. The difference of Ebonics with American English is its structure wherein African dialects and sounds are combined, blended, mixed with American English. American English is also sometimes contracted with African dialects or sounds to be inserted within the contractions. Such example is presented by John R. Rickford in his discussion of Ebonics as presented in the Website of the Stanford University. In the example, Rickford uses a simple sentence which is grammatically correct: â€Å"I asked Alvin if he could go†(n. p. ). He then conveys the example to a student known to use Ebonics and the student gives his own version of the sentence: â€Å"I as Alvin could hecould he go†(Rickford, n. p. ). Ebonics is not the mere transformation of structure of words to ungrammatically correct versions. In fact, though not completely grammatically acceptable, Ebonics is still considered a structured and coherent dialect. As what the Center for Applied Linguistics or CAL states, â€Å"AAE (or Ebonics) is a regular, systematic language variety that contrasts with other dialects in terms of its grammar, pronunciation and vocabulary†(n. p. ). Thus, Ebonics is not wrong or incorrect, it is merely different and a contradiction with other languages, in this case, the language of American English or Standard English. The origin of Ebonics is unclear but the origins of why it became a topic of heated arguments and debate is quite known. Because nations cater to other nations, and migration and immigration (and even simple leisure travel) are inevitable, it is also natural that the language which people of different cultures use would also be transferred and assimilated by other people with other languages. According to Ladonna Lewis Rush’s argumentative paper on the Ebonics debate titled The Ebonics Debate, the origins of Ebonics can be explained by Smitherman who wrote in Talking and Testifyin: Black English and the Black Experience that: Black English contains elements of Standard English, elements of West African languages, and elements unique to African-Americans. The structure of speech in Ebonics can be analyzed and related to African language structures as well as to the black experience in America. (as cited by Rush, n. p. ) Thus, Ebonic came about because the African Americans needed the language which they could adapt to and use while in America who used American English for their communication. Like what the CAL stated, Smitherman and Rush also believe that Ebonics is not mere slang which is featured and used by African American music artists but it is considered as a distinct dialect all on its own. The concept of Ebonics must have been unknown to most people before the year 1996 but because of a certain state in America, Ebonics and everything related to the dialect and term suddenly exploded to the point that it became a topic of debate. According to Tracey L. Weldon in her write up titled Reflections on the Ebonics Controversy which appeared in American Speech, the Oakland Unified School District in California passed a resolution on the month of December year 2006 that â€Å"recognized the legitimacy of Ebonics†and it called â€Å"for teachers in the district to be better educated about the rules governing the variety (Ebonics)†with the aim that the teachers would be able to improve â€Å"the teaching of standard English to Ebonics speakers†(275). The issue sparked up debate after debate because linguists approved the resolution stating it was correct and adequate while Ebonics speakers and family members of African American origins complained that it was an obvious tactic of discrimination and identification of who were the students that does not have the ability to speak the â€Å"proper English†(Weldon 276). Ebonics and the usage of the dialect is quite obvious in the society as it can be heard from people in most social gatherings, informal meetings and even in the media. According to Rickford, many terms and structures in Ebonics are used by common people because of what they have learned from â€Å"rap, hip hop†and other means of â€Å"popular Black culture†(n. p. ). As what Rickford uses to describe this massive usage of Ebonics in popular Black culture, it becomes â€Å"an icon of youth culture itself†wherein young African Americans are immediately identified as being users of Ebonics. Since Ebonics is a mere means of communication among African Americans, then it should not be a great deal of a problem. However, unfortunately, the usage of the sociolect has become increasingly an issue most especially in educational institutions wherein grammatically correct and linguistically sound structure and vocabulary should be used and encouraged. Rush points out the case why Ebonics has become a problem among pupils and students in schools and this is because they manage to have poor academic standing and it was revealed that because of this dialect that the students have such appalling results. Rush writes in her paper that â€Å"language skills are directly related to success in academics†(n. p. ). This is obviously true since language is used to communicate and interact with other people. Poor language skills or inability to produce and understand the language would make it for one’s self and for other people to have a clear conversation and communication. It is also Rush who pointed out that African American students have a high rate of being suspended (around 80%) and that the students are â€Å"lagging behind in measures of academic success†(n. p. ). There was also an article which appeared on NEA Today that interviewed Lisa Delpit who is a professor an author that focused on Ebonics. In the interview, Delpit mentioned the reason why Ebonics is important and why the resolution passed by the school district was commendable: Most of the African-American children in Oakland were performing miserably. But one school, the Prescott School, consistently performed near the top of the district. Its students were all low-income African-American children. And it adopted a program called the Standard English Proficiency, which uses the childrens home language and culture to teach them Standard English. (17). If Ebonics will be used to relate to the students and slowly pave their learning for Standard English, then there is a high possibility that African Americans’ percentage of academically challenged students would significantly decrease. The question then is how does one go on solving such problem to ensure a fool proof way of solving the issue? This of course lies with the educational board and teachers. Teachers in formal schools teach Standard English because it something which society and the rest of the English speakers use. There is no problem with using Ebonics if it is outside professional and academic grounds; it is after all part of the African American culture. However, Standard English should be the language that is encouraged by the teachers to be used by their students because it would help them in the long run. Based on different discussions on the resolution passed by the school district of Oakland, the debate on whether Ebonics should be studied by the district’s teachers and used to pave the way to teach Standard English should not even be a topic of debate. This is because the debate started because of a mere misunderstanding about the resolution, another proof that language does not only bridge gaps it also creates them, when people saw Standard English as the only form of English that linguists identified as â€Å"proper English†. Linguistically speaking, there is indeed a Standard English as what Weldon has stated but the term â€Å"proper English†is incorrect since there is no wrong or right English. If it can be remembered, Ebonics is even identified as being a dialect that is structured thus, it is very much acceptable. In conclusion, the issue that Ebonics be used to gap and slowly push the learners toward Standard English (as aimed by the resolution) is created by the definition and need of the Standard English. Standard English is not the only English nor is it the only form of the language which is encouraged to be used; instead, Standard English is something which is needed to make all forms of English languages coherent and uniform in the sense that there would be no linguistically and communicatively wrongly structured words. It is the same case of having a one school uniform designated to students of a school to identify who are the members of that school or the generally approved legal age for drinking or voting or driving. There is a common factor which envelopes the entities of a school, a state or a nation. Standard English therefore is needed by the Ebonics speakers if they are desirous of being successful in society which is also the language used by the many. Ebonics is not slang, wrong nor should it be discouraged. However, the Ebonics speakers should be able to understand that learning the Standard English is important since it would make them socially adept at communicating with other people. With all the turmoil and misunderstandings that society is currently under, it needs all the unity and harmony it can getâ€â€even if it just comes from having a language they can all understand and speak. Works Cited A New Take on Ebonics and Teaching. NEA Today 17. 2 (1998): 17. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 26 July 2010. Center for Applied Linguistics. 2010. â€Å"Dialects – African American English†. Cal. org. Web. 26 July 2010. Rickford, John R. 1996. â€Å"Ebonics Notes and Discussion†. Stanford. edu. Web. 26 July 2010. Rush, Ladonna Lewis. â€Å"The Ebonics Debate†. Princeton. edu. College of Wooster. 1997. Web. 26 July 2010. Weldon, Tracey L. â€Å"Reflections on the Ebonics Controversy†. American Speech 75. 3 ( 2000): 275-277. Project MUSE. Web. 26 July 2010.
Tuesday, January 21, 2020
Torvald and Nora in in Ibsens A Dolls House :: A Doll’s House
The Character of Torvald and Nora in A Doll's House  In Ibsen's "A Doll's House", there are many clues that hint at the kind of marriage Nora and Torvald have. It seems that Nora is a type of doll that is controlled by Torvald. Nora is completely dependent on Torvald. His thoughts and movements are her thoughts and movements. Nora is a puppet who is dependent on its puppet master for all of its actions.      The most obvious example of Torvald's physical control over Nora can be seen in his teaching of the tarantella. Nora pretends that she needs Torvald to teach her every move in order to relearn the dance. The reader knows that this is an act, but it still shows her complete submissiveness to Torvald. After he teaches her the dance, he proclaims:          Torvald. ...When you were dancing the tarantella,                              chasing, inviting--my blood was on fire;                   I couldn't stand it any longer--thats                 why I brought you down so early--          Nora. Leave me now, Torvald. Please! I don't want all this.          Torvald. What do you mean? You're only playing                    your little teasing bird game with me;                    aren't you, Nora? Don't want to? I'm                    your husband, aren't I? (Isben 447) This shows that Torvald is more interested in Nora physically than emotionally. He feels that it is one of Nora's main duties as his wife to physically pleasure him at his command.     Torvald is not only demanding mentally and physically, but also financially. He does not trust Nora with money. He feels that she is incapable and too immature to handle a matter of such importance. Torvald sees Nora as a child. She is forever his little "sparrow" or "squirrel". On the rare occasion that Torvald does give Nora some money, he worries that she will waste it on candy, pastry or something else of Childish and useless value. Nora's duties, in general, are restricted to caring for the children, doing housework, and working on her needlepoint. But overall, Nora's most important responsibility is to please Torvald. This makes her role similar to that of a slave.     The problem in "A Doll's House" does not lie with Torvald alone. Though he does not help the situation, he is a product of his society. In his society, females were confined in every way imaginable. Torvald and Nora in in Ibsen's A Doll's House :: A Doll’s House The Character of Torvald and Nora in A Doll's House  In Ibsen's "A Doll's House", there are many clues that hint at the kind of marriage Nora and Torvald have. It seems that Nora is a type of doll that is controlled by Torvald. Nora is completely dependent on Torvald. His thoughts and movements are her thoughts and movements. Nora is a puppet who is dependent on its puppet master for all of its actions.      The most obvious example of Torvald's physical control over Nora can be seen in his teaching of the tarantella. Nora pretends that she needs Torvald to teach her every move in order to relearn the dance. The reader knows that this is an act, but it still shows her complete submissiveness to Torvald. After he teaches her the dance, he proclaims:          Torvald. ...When you were dancing the tarantella,                              chasing, inviting--my blood was on fire;                   I couldn't stand it any longer--thats                 why I brought you down so early--          Nora. Leave me now, Torvald. Please! I don't want all this.          Torvald. What do you mean? You're only playing                    your little teasing bird game with me;                    aren't you, Nora? Don't want to? I'm                    your husband, aren't I? (Isben 447) This shows that Torvald is more interested in Nora physically than emotionally. He feels that it is one of Nora's main duties as his wife to physically pleasure him at his command.     Torvald is not only demanding mentally and physically, but also financially. He does not trust Nora with money. He feels that she is incapable and too immature to handle a matter of such importance. Torvald sees Nora as a child. She is forever his little "sparrow" or "squirrel". On the rare occasion that Torvald does give Nora some money, he worries that she will waste it on candy, pastry or something else of Childish and useless value. Nora's duties, in general, are restricted to caring for the children, doing housework, and working on her needlepoint. But overall, Nora's most important responsibility is to please Torvald. This makes her role similar to that of a slave.     The problem in "A Doll's House" does not lie with Torvald alone. Though he does not help the situation, he is a product of his society. In his society, females were confined in every way imaginable.
Sunday, January 12, 2020
Language Development
Language both oral and written is of utmost importance to human kind. Language is how one communicates, and understands the world. If children are going to lean and communicate in society their development of a wide range of language competencies are essential to guarantee their success in a mixture of settings in their everyday routines. (Otto, 2010, p. 3). The process of acquiring language begins before birth, but is moving at a more rapid pace and changing drastically in early childhood. Children in the early childhood stages of development are very social; they are asking many questions, enhancing their knowledge of language is essential for their learning in all aspects of development (Papalia, Olds, & Feldman, 2008, p. 16). Language development in early childhood is enhanced when educators present young children with curriculum content that supports language acquisition with the use developmentally appropriate methodologies in teaching language and literacy to young children across a developmental curriculum, and the use of adequate referral and intervention strategies for student with special learning needs related to language development. The curriculum content presented to preschool students is important to the acquisition of language in general. When teaching students language skills the curriculum consists of teaching the child to read, write and speak well. This will require systematic work in several different areas, such as: phonemic awareness, semantic knowledge, syntactic knowledge, morphemic knowledge and pragmatic knowledge (Otto, 2010, p. 207). The curriculum for young children should consist of teaching how printed language works, recognizing and naming the letters in the alphabet, leaning letter sounds, as well as blending sounds. Asking questions, describing events, developing vocabulary though conversations and experiences, and opportunities and materials that encourage discussions between students, other students and teachers, along with discussion for problem solving (Bennitt, 1999, pp. 114-115). The developmentally appropriate methodologies in teaching these language and literacy skills to young children consist of exploratory activities, teacher-guided activities, and routine activities (Otto, 2010, p. 208). Exploratory activities are independent activities that allow students a chance to explore ways of interacting with the materials provided. For instance blocks and manipulative urge children to meet the language goals of describing and labeling what was built and how they built it, helping children to solve problems, and persuading them to ask questions, about what they are building and how it relates to real-life structures and events, using receptive and expressive language . Another exploratory activity is a drama corner, children in this environment talk in the roles they are playing using all five aspects of language knowledge. The drama center also helps the understanding of written language when students are provided with pencil and paper to make grocery list, or write letters, or take orders in a restaurant. The book center is also a developmentally appropriate method of presenting language curriculum. In the book center students are encouraged to recreate, previously read stories using pictures and tell them to other students, enhancing both receptive and expressive language. The teacher should only be an observer in this setting as it is exploratory and not teacher guided (Otto, 2010, pp. 11-213). Teacher guided activities also encourage language development, these are activities for a small or large group, but it is considered more developmentally appropriate to keep the large group activities to a minimum and use small groups more often to allow more opportunities for participation and a better view of illustrations or objects involved in the activity. Some of the teacher guided activities that encourage language development are show and tell, book time, oral storytelling and poetry and music time. Show and tell encourages language development by increasing listening comprehension, vocabulary, and taking turns (Otto, 2010, p. 223). Show and tell also supports expressive phonetic knowledge, encouraging children that to speak at a volume with articulation for clear communication to the children they are speaking to. It encourages receptive semantic knowledge though hearing other children describe what they have brought, while expressive semantic knowledge is enhanced by the child describing what they have brought. While pragmatic knowledge is encouraged though the learning of how to use language in this setting of sharing an object or event on interest (Otto, 2010, p. 223). Another teacher guided activity is on that increases interest in reading, increases understanding with written language, expands vocabulary development, and awakes of story structure; this activity is book sharing (Otto, 2010, p. 224). Children will gain knowledge in each aspect of language: 1. Pragmatic, diverse stories use language differently. . Phonetic knowledge, consciousness of the sound system of language. 3. Morphemic knowledge, receptive knowledge of how morphemes impact word meanings, 4. Semantic knowledge increased, through strong and diverse language in books, and pragmatic and syntactic knowledge, how thoughts are structured into sentences and phrases of book language or literate resister. Increasing this skill depends on the appropriate selection of books and the interaction strategies used doing the book sharing (Otto, 2010).
Saturday, January 4, 2020
Medical Intake / History Review - 2160 Words
Life Care Plan for Mr. Robert Vince Date of Report: December 12, 2014 Source of referral: Department of Veterans Affairs Client: Mr. Robert Vince Date of Birth 11/17/1957 Age: 57 Social security number: 123-45-6789 Date of Injury: May 15, 2014 Medical Intake/History Review Mr. Vince is a 57 year old African American male referred by the Department of Veterans Affairs. The referral is in reference to the development of a Life Care Plan and required home modifications that addresses the patient’s lifetime disability medical needs secondary to a motorcycle accident that resulted in paraplegia due to T7 thoracic injury. Mr. Vince has prior military experience, but was not service connected to any†¦show more content†¦Unfortunately, the room is too small for a clinitron bed to fit in it and other medical equipment needed to care for the patient. There is only a half bath downstairs; therefore, the spouse has to use a basin to give her husband a bed bath. Her desire is for her husband (patient) to be able to maneuver in the house utilizing his wheelchair. Chief Complaint and Subjective History by Patient Patient incurred a T7 thoracic injury and has no lower extremity functional ability. At present the patient has a stage two sacral decubitus, urinary tract infection, and muscle spasms in his lower extremities. The sacral ulcer was caused from the lack of frequent position changes while in bed and improper seating in the wheelchair. The wound requires daily dressing changes and more frequent if soiled from urinary and fecal contamination. The urinary tract occurred from the patient intermittently cauterizing himself with a straight catheter every four hours. The patient has also been experiencing spontaneous uncontrolled spasticity in the lower extremities. Mr. Vince states he was 56 years old on the date of his motorcycle accident; he lost control of the motorcycle when a vehicle cut in front of him. The patient was pinned between his motorcycle and the guard rail on the highway. When EMS arrived, the patient was reported to need
Friday, December 27, 2019
Research Paper Is Hip Hop Culture Detrimental to the Youth
Research Paper: Is Hip Hop Culture Detrimental to the Youth? Hip hop is one of the urban culture branches comprised of hip hop music, break dancing and graffiti art, which has greatly influenced street slang, fashion and other elements. Many people claim it has a negative impact on the younger generation, as it instils improper moral values. But is it actually as harmful as it seems at the first sight? On the one hand, there is a grain of truth in the allegations that hip hop music focuses on shallow life aspects. Many hip hop songs promote violence, crime, sex and drugs and are full of curse words. What is more, there is a category of rap performers that praise to the skies the expensive possessions, such as cars, clothes and jewellery. In other words, they set the pursuit of materialistic values on a pedestal, which certainly is not an appropriate ideal for the young minds. On the other hand, hip hop culture has helped many young people to avoid taking up the wrong path in their lives. It has shown the youngsters in poor areas that they can develop their talent in music, dancing or painting instead of joining one of their local criminal gangs. For them hip hop is like a guiding star and the lyrics are just a form of giving vent to their feelings of anger or frustration. Moreover, hip hop culture implicitly promotes the healthy lifestyle. Obviously, you cannot rap or dance well when you are a heavy smoker or addicted to drugs.
Thursday, December 19, 2019
Archetypes in Siddhartha - 889 Words
In analyzing the novel Siddhartha, we find that Herman Hesse has incorporated many literary techniques to relay his message to the reader. By using various writing approaches to convey the theme of the novel, Hesse appeals to the readers senses and aides them in grasping the novel. Included in these techniques are symbolism, metaphor, allusion, and archetypes. He compares many issues that Siddhartha faces to everyday objects and forces, making the novel easier to understand. Three of the main archetypes Hesse uses to get his point across are trees, rivers, and sleep. One of the more obvious symbols used in the novel is a tree. Cross-culturally, it is extremely common for trees to represent wisdom. In Hebrew literature, when†¦show more content†¦In several instances is the novel, Siddhartha falls asleep (the reader should also note that this usually occurs under a tree) and wakes up anewed with a new outlook on life. Then he had fallen asleep, and on awakening he looked at the world like a new man.... Never had a sleep so refreshed him, so renewed him, so rejuvenated him! (76) Just as in the traditional English story A Christmas Carol, where Scrooge goes to bed and wakes up a new man after a series of nightmares, many authors have used the metaphor of sleep to show emotional growth in their characters. Another case in point is Kate Chopins book on a womans self-discovery appropriately titled The Awakening. Just like these authors, Hesse proves to be no stranger to this choice of symbolism. He illustrates quite effectively and allows the reader to notice and reflect on Siddharthas personal development on more than one level. It is easy to see that many cross-cultural themes were brought into Siddhartha. Through writing on more than one level, Hesse has created a literary masterpiece that is extremely deep and meaningful. The application of the symbols he chose makes some of the themes in the novel easier to see and decipher. Using the archetypes that he did makes the novel one that many civilizations will read and understand for generations to come. Works Cited Hesse, Hermann. Siddhartha. New York: New Directions Publishing Corporation, 1951.Show MoreRelatedEssay on Archetypes In Siddhartha860 Words  | 4 Pagesthe novel Siddhartha, we find that Herman Hesse has incorporated many literary techniques to relay his message to the reader. By using various writing approaches to convey the theme of the novel, Hesse appeals to the readers senses and aides them in grasping the novel. Included in these techniques are symbolism, metaphor, allusion, and archetypes. He compares many issues that Siddhartha faces to everyday objects and forces, making the novel easier to understand. Three of the main archetypes Hesse usesRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Millionaire Miser 1311 Words  | 6 Pagesgenerous and they celebrated by making sweet rice dumplings for the entire town. Buddhism In the 6th to 4th century BCE in Nepal a prince by the name of Siddhartha Gautama was born. However soon after he was kept in a palace forbidden to leave by his father. This was because of a prophecy which stated that the family would lose their fortune if Siddhartha were to leave. Despite this he was still able to live a good life within palace walls with good food and entertainment. However he believed that thereRead MoreEssay Meaning of the River in Siddhartha1199 Words  | 5 Pages Meaning of the River in Siddhartha nbsp; Siddhartha, in Herman Hesses novel, Siddhartha, is a young, beautiful, and intelligent Brahmin, a member of the highest and most spiritual castes of the Hindu religion, and has studied the teachings and rituals of his religion with an insatiable thirst for knowledge. 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But mostRead MoreBuddhism And Its Impact On Buddhism1381 Words  | 6 PagesOn one hand, Buddhism was founded in northeastern India from the teachings and doctrines taught in the VI and V centuries BC by Siddhartha Gautama, better known as Buddha or the Enlightened One. Although originally emerged as a monastic movement within the dominant Brahmin tradition at that time, Buddhism developed quickly in another direction and acquired characteristics. Buddha not only rejected some important aspects of the philosophy of Hinduism, but also challenged the authority of their leaders
Wednesday, December 11, 2019
Culture Of Intimidation And Failure Of Law â€Myassignmenthelp.Com
Questions: What Are The Impacts Of Sex Scandals To Ubers Culture? What Are The Mitigation Of The Sex Scandals In The Organization? What Are The Causes Of Such Scandals In The Organization? How The Scandals Affect The Employee Relations In The Organization? Answers: Introducation Whenever scandals such as sexual harassments fill business companies, many of them lose track of their cultures. This results in increased likelihood of failing to achieve the set goals of such organization. Leaders of such organization are filled with fear which impacts negatively to the profound extent in the way they implement outlined programs that are major determinants of realizing success(Adkins, 2006). Sexual harassment scandals have immensely affected people in various ways from different cultures. The scandal has resulted in a shift in the way Uber delivers its services. Due to the act in the organization, research reveals that the organization started to provide its services in a pattern of arrogance neglecting the ethical standards governing the organization. It is due to this that has made the company remain stunted in development. Other companies have also shifted in their cultures due to the dominance of sex scandals in them. Corporations neglect their ways of delivering their services objectively immediately the scam bedevils the organization. Ethics of such organizations and legal standards are things of the past, and therefore the organization fails to meet its objectives(Stephen, 2000). The management in such scenarios has little to correct since as per publications made, they are the primary carriers of the scam. In the operation of many companies, such as Uber, success can only be realized if the corporate image of the organization is right in the minds of the public. Clients will only be attracted to the organizations if the reputation right. An excellent reputation is built according to the way the organization delivers services to the customers as well as good management that ensures free from scandals in the organization. A good reputation is, therefore, an added advantage for the success of the team. Whenever a scandal is in the organization, sincerity in approaching to the issue is the only way to go in killing such scenarios. The project, therefore, targets in giving the analysis of sexual scandals impacts on the cultures of the organizations citing the case being on the culture of Uber.In addition, various literature has been employed in order to ensure th at the information reached at is the most suiting to the conclusions yet to be drawn(Gerhard, 2001). Problem Statement The issue of sexual harassment has existed in many companies for a long period of time. In Uber Company, the organization had constantly ignored reports presented by one of the employees in the organization Susan Fowler. She gave allegations that the Human resource manager had severally neglected her complains on the way she was harassed sexually at the time she was working for the company. Furthermore, the organization had fired over 20 employees due to the case related to sexual harassment. The number is believed to be too low in comparison to many cases of sexual harassment handled by the organization. Studies reveal that a total of 215 cases had been conducted. It is therefore concluded that the company did not pay reasonable attention to these scandals. It therefore resulted to evolution that made many customers to shun the organization(Maya, 2017). The organization therefore has made minimum profits. Many of the employees also could not concentrate especially those who were affected directly by sex scandals hence failure to deliver affecting the organization negatively hence set goals could not be realized. Some of the employees decided to quit looking for descent jobs governed by ethics and codes of conduct of employees. Organizations in such cases tend to divert their attention to getting solutions to such scandals, and therefore the culture of the organization is less valued. Leaders with crucial abilities lose concentration of performance because of fear especially when they are the ones involved in such scandals. The problem over the decades has existed for so long in many corporate worlds. In the Uber, women have been talking about frustrations over an extended period, and therefore there is need to research as to know how the culture of the organization is affected in turn(Peter, 2005). The goals of the project are to explore the impacts of sexual harassment scandals on the culture of Uber as an organization. It will also focus on the cause of these sexual scandals as well as mitigation of the scandals. To be specific, the research aim in answering the following questions: The above fundamental questions will help to address the concerns raised by many (Harold, 2003) They will also help the upcoming firms to be vigilant of this problem laying out strategies targeting to avoid the problem as early as possible before the organization is burned to ashes. Keeping in mind the above concerns in the contemporary world will help organizations to survive despite the extent at which the scandal could have affected its operation. The leaders since are the most victims in the organization, and the women will always be on the watch(Project Management Institute, 2004). Justification Of The Project Sex scandals have been on many occasions the cause of collapsing of many business organizations. For every business to succeed, respect to its culture is so paramount. Companies tend to suffer since the appropriate approach to this problem is not followed to the latter. It is because they do not know the extent at which the problem impact on the culture of the organization. Carrying out this research project will enable more light to be shade pertaining this issue hence many organizations in this and the next generations will be saved. The response given will help to identify ways to be put in place in order to help the organization to cover up such messes whenever they are encountered(Jones Reginald., 2010). The research is also crucial in helping the leaders and the entire employees of the organizations to embrace teamwork, togetherness and being concerned whenever one of them has got an issue. Such good relations will help in destroying harmful behaviors such as sexual scandals that are major setbacks of a culture embracing by the organization. Such spirits will ensure that every organization is exercising this succeeds. The proposal is therefore important since the following benefits will be outlaid: It will help those who need to know in the contemporary society as to the impact of sexual harassment scandals in the cultures of organizations. ? This research project will assist in sharpening the minds of young entrepreneurs to be aware of the damage that can be caused by sexual scandals in their organization and therefore making them to be always keen in ensuring that the problem is dealt with as early as possible.? Leaders of the organizations will employ the strategies laid down in the project in dealing with the current sexual scandals in the organization that otherwise would define the cultures of the organization. Applying the knowledge laid down in the project will help managers always to stay on the course of ensuring that the business succeeds. The knowledge gained from the research will be able to be utilized by many entrepreneurs, researchers and policymakers in improving the corporate world. ? The study will ensure that small business starters can understand the causes, effects, and impacts of sexual scandals in the culture of the organizations. They will, therefore, have a sharper focus when setting up their businesses ensuring such problem is a thing of the past.? expected research output/outcome The results of this study will provide an analytical framework for investigating the impact of sexual scandals in the cultures of various organizations. The outcomes will always help in ensuring that every organization will remain focused on achieving their set goals despite the challenges they encounter not even sexual scandals. The success of every business depends on the culture adherence; the project is meant to confirm the truth after giving out the outcomes of the research hence a crucial tool to be employed by many organizations. In the case, a business has got such challenge, togetherness of employees supporting each other is the way to go in eradicating the problem. The mentioned instances will have a profound impact on the outcome to be realized at the end of the project(Levin, 2017). The approaches employed for instance the research questions used as identified in the study will be responded to basing on the methods used to collect data, results analysis that will be conducted for the same project. These results will be employed in various academic research platforms to provide students of research with more relevant knowledge helping them in carrying out research. Those who plan to establish businesses in future will be able to employ the knowledge gathered in the research to ensure that sex scandals are dealt with appropriately in case they arise in their organization providing that they little or no impact on the set culture of the organization. Their businesses, therefore, are more likely to succeed(Lee, 2000). Conceptual Framework Various publications have been made on sexual harassment scandals in the organization or workplace. Such papers will help us be able to employ such knowledge in relating to the topic under study and making such improvements on them. Studies show that firms progressively lack direction on their course whenever matters of sex, love, and relationships come at their place of work. Individual achieve excellence whenever they do their activities to their best of their merits, but sex is a major distractor of this according to the studies made. People involved tent to forget the operation of the organization and therefore ignoring the cultures of the organization. Sexual harassment in the organization results to downplaying the ubiquity of consensual sex in the place of work. A recent study conducted by the law firm of Carlton Field Jorden pertaining sexual harassment scandals gave an approach of discouraging the ladies not to speak up whenever they are got up in a mess(Richman, Judith, Ken neth, Kathleen, Rospenda., 2006). The rights of the workers according to the studies is as well undermined which interferes with the way they deliver services to the organization. Employees in these scenarios they are forced to believe that they are legally bound not to complain whenever instances such as those happen in the organization. They are therefore not at peace and therefore cannot deliver as expected of them hence such organizations fail to realize the set goals(Hansen, Ase, Hogh, 2006). Studies show that many employees are being continually harassed sexually due to the fact they do not want to expose them. Exposing them according to them tarnishes the image of the organization, and therefore those affected continue to suffer. In this regard, putting the problem to an end is very difficult(Anderson Katherine., 2013). Methodology The research aims to employ the following research methods in order to realize its objectives: Literature Review whereby in-depth analysis of various literature from different sources will be analyzed. The research employed in this case relate to the topic under study. The Knowledge acquired will provide a framework guide will handling the study(Strossen Nadine., 2014). Information from surveys carried out to be scrutinized providing more information on the cause of sexual scandals, its effect on the culture of the organization and the outcomes of such scandals on the performance of the organization(Lewis:Jacquline Diane, 2002). Questions will be provided to various business operators to ensure that they provide relevant information that will be of profound help in ensuring that the project is successful. Analyzing data immediately respondents finished filling in the questionnaires to ease the process, It was done through suggesting questions to be included in the surveys so that relevant data is collected, suggesting what to focus on, the specific information one was looking into making the research a success by ensuring that the questions utilized remained on course. The questionnaires were analyzed through the following approaches: Checking the explanations given out analyzing them appropriately. Looking for various contradictions realized and then evading them out Getting uniform responses from the respondents in order to compare the responses given, meaningful conclusions can be then be made. Weighing the evidence presented so that conclusions can be made accordingly. Checking out for the outliners directions(Rokonuzzanman, Radman, Mizanur., 2011). The study will employ the methodologies mentioned above to ensure that the primary aim of the research gets achieved. The findings will later be analyzed, and meaningful conclusions will be reached at(Tehrani, 2004). Organization Of The Study The study will be organized in various chapters to ensure that the aim at the end is realized as follows: Chapter one will deal with the proposal of the research as the assignment outlines comprehensively. The project, in this case, is a preparation process that initiates the research itself. Chapter Two will describe the research outlining the impacts caused by sexual scandals in Uber's culture. Mitigations to reasons of this problem will also be outlaid in this section Chapter Three will deal with the research approaches employed or the methodologies of the research project. Data analysis methods will also be well covered in this section. Chapter Four deals with the research findings and also the analysis of the same findings done comprehensively. Chapter Five will give a summary of the significant conclusions and also out layout the discussion on the extent at which sexual scandals impacted the cultures of Uber(Williams Hellen., 2012). Search Schedule The following table represents a Gantt chart showing the timeline for the entire project under study and its completion requirements. Task Name Start Day End Day Duration (Days) Project Proposal 24/09/2017 9/10/2017 15 Literature Review 10/10/2017 22/10/2017 12 Data Collection 23/10/2017 7/11/2017 15 Data Analysis 8/11/2017 4/12/2017 27 Report Submission 5/12/2017 21/12/2017 16 Milestones and Deliverables Time in Months 9/2017/ 10/2017/ 11/2017/ 12/2017 Project Proposal 9/24 15 Literature Review 10/10 12 Data Collection 11/7 15 Data Analysis 11/8 27 Report Submission 12/5 16 Oject Budget And Justification Of The Project The estimated budget for the research project is about $5000 in order to complete the study within the given time frame adequately in order to realize the success of the project. The budget has been broken down into the following subsections: Conducting literature reviews need intensive research, buying of books, online journals of which they are to some extent costly. This exercise will, therefore, cost about $1500. Collection of data particularly employing the concept of simple surveys, questions administering, printing of the questionnaires, carrying them to the field as well as collected them back for analysis is an expensive approach. The process, therefore, needs about $2500. ? In addition, the budget has to be allocated for expenses such as access to the charts, figures for the analysis. Tables too need money for them to be made. The entire exercise regarding this will consume about 1000(Christine Platti, 2009). To give a budgetary summary for the task, the table below gives a simple summary as shown: ? Purpose Estimated Amount to be Spent Review Related Literatures $1500 Collection of Data $2500 Analysis of Data $1000 Total of the budget $5000 References Adkins, L. ( 2006). Gender Work:Sexuality Family ,and the labor market review. Bristol: Open University Press. Anderson, Katherine. (2013). Employer Liability under title for sexual harassment after meritor savings bank. Colombia Law Review journal, 87(6), 1258-1279. Christine, W., Platti, G. (2009). Sexyuality at the workplace :Organizatiobnal control ,sexual harassment and the pursuit of pleasure. New York: Annual Reviews. Gerhard, J. (2001). Desiring revolution :second wave feminism and the wreting of American sexual thougght . New York: Colombia Universiyu press. Hansen, Ase, M., Hogh, A. (2006). Bullying at work ,health outcomes,phychological stress response . Journal of Phychosomatic research, 63-72. Harold, K. (2003). Project Management :A system approach to planning scheduling and controlling . London: Wiley and Sons. Jones, Reginald. (2010). Issues :Looking beyond categories ,policy practice in the Health and social Care. New york: Dunedin Academic. Lee, D. (2000). Hegemonice masculinity and male feminisation :the sexual harassment of men at workplace. Journal of Gender studies, 9(2), 141-155. Levin, S. (2017). Uber's sexual harassmnet case shines light on startups culture of defiance . New York: San Francisco. Lewis:Jacquline, Diane, C. (2002). Addressing issues of workplace harassmnet :Counselling the target . Journal of employment counselling., 109-116. Maya, K. (2017, June 6). Mass Firings at Uber sexual harassment scandal Grows. Washington: James Warren. Paul, D. (2005). The right projects done right. New York: John Wiley and Sons. Peter, S. (2005). Integrating Agile Development in the Real world. ebrary: Wiley and Sons. Piece, Aguinis. (2014). Bridging the gap between romantic relationships and sexual harassment in organizations. New YORK: Havard. Project Management Institute. (2004). A guide project of management body of knowlege guide. Pennsyvania: project mgnt insitute. Richman, Judith, Kenneth, Kathleen, Rospenda. (2006). Lingering effects of workplace. Elsevier Review journal, 767-776. Rokonuzzanman, Radman, Mizanur. (2011). Workplace Harassment and productivity:a comprehensive role of strategic leadreship. Journals of general education, 41-49. Stephen, S. .. (2000). Unwanted sex :the culture of intimidation and the failure of law . Harvard : Havard University press. Strossen, Nadine. (2014). Regulating workplace sexual harrasment and upholding first amendment . Villanova Review Journal, 757-785. Tehrani, N. (2004). Bullying:A souece of chronic post traumatic stress. British journal of guidance and counselling, special issue, 32(3), 357-366. Williams, Hellen. (2012). Mntaining a harrasment free work place. Austra: Australian Public srvice commision .
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